Izinto ezintsha kwi-Engine Gasket Materials: Ukuguqula uShishino lweziThuthi

Icandelo le-injini ye-gasket, elihlala lingahoywa, licandelo elibalulekileyo kushishino lweemoto. Iigaskets ze-injini ziqinisekisa ukutywinwa okuqinileyo phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo ze-injini, ukuthintela ukuvuza kolwelo kunye neegesi kunye nokugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-injini. Izinto ezintsha ezitsha zamva nje kwizixhobo ze-gasket ziphucule kakhulu ukusebenza kwazo, ukuqina, kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo, ukuqhubela ishishini ukuya kwixesha elitsha lobunjineli beemoto.

Indima yeeGesi zeNjini

Iigesi ze-injini zisebenza njengezitywina phakathi kwamalungu e-injini, njengentloko yesilinda kunye nebloko ye-injini, ukuthintela ukuvuza kwe-oyile, into yokupholisa, kunye neegesi ezivuthayo. Kufuneka bamelane namaqondo obushushu aphezulu, uxinzelelo, kunye nokuchanabeka kwiikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokuthotywa. Nakuphi na ukusilela kwi-gasket kunokukhokelela kumonakalo we-injini, ukulahleka kokusebenza, kunye nokulungiswa kweendleko.

Izinto zeGasket zesiNtu

Ngokwembali, iigaskets zenziwe ngezinto ezifana ne-asbestos, i-cork, kunye nerabha. I-Asbestos, eyayifudula idume ngokuxhathisa ubushushu, yapheliswa ngenxa yeengozi zempilo. I-Cork kunye ne-rubber, ngelixa zisasetyenziswa, zinemida kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu. Oku kukhokelele kuphuhliso lwemathiriyeli ephucukileyo ekwaziyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zeenjini zanamhlanje.

Izinto ezintsha kwiGasket Materials

Imfuno yegaskets esebenzayo ngakumbi, ehlala ixesha elide, kunye neyokusingqongileyo ikhuthaze ukuvela kwezinto ezintsha kwisayensi yemathiriyeli. Ezinye zezona nkqubela ziphambili ziquka:

1. Intsimbi yoMaleko amaninzi (MLS)

I-Multi-Layer Steel gaskets ngoku isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinjini zanamhlanje. Idityaniswe ngamaleko amaninzi ensimbi engenasici, ezi gaskets zinika ukuqina okugqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nobushushu. Amaleko aqhele ukugqunywa ngemathiriyeli ebhityileyo ye-elastomeric eyandisa amandla okutywina kwaye ibuyekeze izitenxo zomphezulu. I-gaskets ye-MLS inokumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye namaqondo obushushu afunyenwe kuzo zombini iinjini ze-petroli kunye ne-diesel, zibenza zilungele ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa kobunzima obunzima.

2. I-Graphite kunye neCarbon Composites

Iigasthi zegraphite zixatyiswa ngokuxhathisa kwazo ubushushu obukhethekileyo kunye nokukwazi ukuhambelana nemigangatho engaqhelekanga. Ukuthambisa kwendalo kwegraphite kukwanciphisa ukuguga kwiindawo zokukhwelana. Imixube yekhabhoni, edla ngokudityaniswa negraphite, inika amandla okomeleza kunye nokomelela. Ezi zixhobo ziluncedo ngokukodwa kwiinjini ezisebenza kakhulu kunye neenjini zokugijima, apho iimeko ezigqithisileyo ziqhelekileyo.

3. I-Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)

I-PTFE, eyaziwa ngokuba yiTeflon, yifluoropolymer eyenziweyo enokumelana neekhemikhali okumangalisayo kunye nokuzinza kwe-thermal. Iigaskets ze-PTFE zifanelekile kwizicelo apho ukuvezwa kweekhemikhali ezinobundlobongela okanye ubushushu obugqithisileyo bulindeleke. Banikezela ngeqondo eliphezulu lokuguquguquka kwaye banokugcina itywina eliqinileyo naphantsi kobushushu obuguquguqukayo kunye noxinzelelo.

4. Iingubo ze-Elastomeric

Iingubo ze-elastomeric eziphezulu ezifakwe kwi-gaskets zentsimbi ziphucula iimpawu zazo zokutywina. Ezi zogquma ziyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nezitenxo zomphezulu kwaye zinike isitywina esisebenza ngakumbi ngaphandle kwemfuneko yokunyanzela okugqithisileyo. Olu lutsha lunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhunyiswa kwe-gasket kunye nokuphucula ubomi obude betywina.

Okusingqongileyo kunye neNzuzo zokuSebenza

Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kwimathiriyeli ye-gasket akuphuculi ukusebenza kuphela kodwa kunegalelo kuzinzo lokusingqongileyo. Ukuphuculwa kwamandla okutywina kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvuza kwamanzi, okunokukhokelela ekungcolisekeni kokusingqongileyo kunye nokukhutshwa kwezithuthi. Izinto ezihlala ixesha elide zandisa ixesha lokuphila kwee-gaskets, ukunciphisa ukuphindaphinda kokutshintshwa kunye nenkunkuma ehambelanayo.

Ngaphezu koko, izinto zale mihla zihlala zifuna amandla amancinci kunye nezixhobo ezimbalwa zokuvelisa, ukulungelelaniswa neenjongo ezibanzi zeshishini leemoto zokunciphisa indawo engqongileyo. Umzekelo, ukutshintshwa kwe-asbestos ukuya kwezinye iindlela ezikhuselekileyo kuphelise ubungozi obukhulu bezempilo, ngelixa iindlela eziphucukileyo zokuvelisa ziye zayinciphisa inkunkuma yezinto kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.

Ikamva leeGesi zeNjini

Ikamva lee-injini ze-gaskets lijongeka lithembisa ngophando oluqhubekayo kunye nophuhliso olugxile ekwandiseni iipropathi zezinto eziphathekayo. Iindawo eziphambili zophononongo ziquka:

1. I-Nanotechnology

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-nanotechnology kwizinto ze-gasket kubambe amandla abalulekileyo. I-Nano-coatings kunye ne-nano-composites inokubonelela ngeempawu zokutywinwa eziphezulu, ukuzinza kwe-thermal, kunye nokuchasana nokuchithwa kweekhemikhali. Ezi zixhobo zinokuthi zenziwe ngobunjineli kwinqanaba le-molekyuli ukufezekisa iimpawu ezinqwenelekayo, ezikhokelela kwii-gaskets ezithembekileyo nangakumbi.

2. Izixhobo ezihlakaniphile

Izinto ezihlakaniphile eziphendula utshintsho kwiqondo lokushisa, uxinzelelo, okanye ukuvezwa kweekhemikhali yenye indawo enomdla. Ezi zixhobo zinokuqhelana ngexesha lokwenyani ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kokutywinwa okufanelekileyo phantsi kweemeko zeenjini ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, i-smart gasket inokwandisa ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ikhontrakthi ukuhlawulela ukwanda kwe-thermal kunye nokucutha kwezinto ze-injini.

3. Izinto eziZinzo

Ukutyhalela uzinzo kukuqhuba uphando kwizinto ze-gasket ezinokubola kunye ne-recyclable. Ezi zixhobo zijolise ekunciphiseni impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yokuveliswa kunye nokulahlwa kwe-gasket, ukuxhasa ukutshintshwa kweshishini leemoto ukuya kwimisebenzi eluhlaza.

Ukuqukumbela

Icandelo le-injini ye-gasket liqhuba inguqu eqhutywa yintsha kwisayensi yemathiriyeli. Izinto eziphucukileyo ezifana ne-Multi-Layer Steel, i-graphite composite, i-PTFE, kunye neengubo ze-elastomeric zibeka imigangatho emitsha yokusebenza kunye nokuqina. Olu tshintsho aluphuculi nje ukusebenza kakuhle nokuthembeka kwe-injini kodwa lukwanegalelo kuzinzo lokusingqongileyo. Njengoko uphando luqhubeka, ikamva lithembisa ngakumbi uphuhliso olunomdla ngakumbi, kunye ne-nanotechnology, izixhobo ezihlakaniphile, kunye neendlela ezizinzileyo ezikhokelela indlela. Kumzi mveliso weemoto, oku kuqhubela phambili kwitekhnoloji ye-gasket kubonisa inyathelo elibalulekileyo ekufezekiseni ukusebenza okuphezulu, ubomi be-injini obude, kunye nokuncitshiswa kokusingqongileyo.